Abrahamian, E. ‘The US Media, Huntington and September 11th’. Third World Quarterly, vol. 24, no. 3, 2013, http://www.hks.harvard.edu/fs/pnorris/Acrobat/Abrahamian_Clash.pdf.
Al Shami, Leila. ‘SYRIA: The Life and Work of Anarchist Omar Aziz, and His Impact on Self-Organization in the Syrian Revolution | Tahrir-ICN’. Tahrir-ICN, Aug. 2016, https://tahriricn.wordpress.com/2013/08/23/syria-the-life-and-work-of-anarchist-omar-aziz-and-his-impact-on-self-organization-in-the-syrian-revolution/.
Anarchism Interview, Noam Chomsky Interviewed by Ziga Vodovnik. https://chomsky.info/20040714/.
Anders Behring Breivik’s Complete Manifesto "2083 – A European Declaration of Independence” | Public Intelligence. https://publicintelligence.net/anders-behring-breiviks-complete-manifesto-2083-a-european-declaration-of-independence/.
Ararvosis, John. ‘Obama Skin Tone Darker In Clinton Ad?’ The Huffington Post, Mar. 2008, https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/entry/obama-skin-tone-darker-in_n_89829?ec_carp=2443603470973241043.
Assaf, K. ‘Brand Fetishism’. Connecticut Law Review, http://uconn.lawreviewnetwork.com/files/documents/KatyaAssaf43Conn.L.Rev.83.pdf.
Atton, Chris. ‘Far-Right Media on the Internet: Culture, Discourse and Power’. New Media & Society, vol. 8, no. 4, Aug. 2006, pp. 573–87, https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444806065653.
Babones, Salvatore. ‘What Is World-Systems Analysis? Distinguishing Theory from Perspective’. Thesis Eleven, vol. 127, no. 1, Apr. 2015, pp. 3–20, https://doi.org/10.1177/0725513615575324.
Back, Les, et al. ‘Technology, Race and Neo‐fascism in a Digital Age: The New Modalities of Racist Culture’. Patterns of Prejudice, vol. 30, no. 2, Apr. 1996, pp. 3–27, https://doi.org/10.1080/0031322X.1996.9970185.
Balardini, Fabian. ‘The Self-Destructive Logic of Capitalism and the Occupy Movement’. Socialism and Democracy, vol. 26, no. 2, July 2012, pp. 35–38, https://doi.org/10.1080/08854300.2012.686267.
Bale, Tim, et al. ‘If You Can’t Beat Them, Join Them? Explaining Social Democratic Responses to the Challenge from the Populist Radical Right in Western Europe’. Political Studies, vol. 58, no. 3, June 2010, pp. 410–26, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.2009.00783.x.
Bauman, Zygmunt, et al. ‘After Snowden: Rethinking the Impact of Surveillance’. International Political Sociology, vol. 8, no. 2, June 2014, pp. 121–44, https://doi.org/10.1111/ips.12048.
Beder, Sharon. ‘Charging the Earth: The Promotion of Price-Based Measures for Pollution Control’. Ecological Economics, vol. 16, no. 1, Jan. 1996, pp. 51–63, https://doi.org/10.1016/0921-8009(95)00078-X.
———. Global Spin: The Corporate Assault on Environmentalism. Rev. ed, Green, 2002.
———. ‘Neoliberal Think Tanks and Free Market Environmentalism’. Environmental Politics, vol. 10, no. 2, June 2001, pp. 128–33, https://doi.org/10.1080/714000530.
———. Public Participation or Public Relations? 1999, http://expertpc.org/gasifier/wollongong.pdf.
———. Selling the Work Ethic: From Puritan Pulpit to Corporate PR. Scribe Publications, 2000.
———. ‘The Corporate Assault on Democracy’. The International Journal of Inclusive Democracy, vol. 4, no. 1, 2008, http://www.inclusivedemocracy.org/journal/vol4/vol4_no1_beder.htm.
Beer, David. ‘The Social Power of Algorithms’. Information, Communication & Society, vol. 20, no. 1, Jan. 2017, pp. 1–13, https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2016.1216147.
Bennett, W. Lance. The Logic of Connective Action: Digital Media and the Personalization of Contentious Politics. Cambridge University Press, 2013.
Bernays, Edward L. ‘Manipulating Public Opinion: The Why and The How’. American Journal of Sociology, vol. 33, no. 6, May 1928, pp. 958–71, https://doi.org/10.1086/214599.
Bernays, Edward L., and Mark Crispin Miller. Propaganda. Ig Pub, 2005.
Berthon, Pierre R., et al. ‘Marketing Meets Web 2.0, Social Media, and Creative Consumers: Implications for International Marketing Strategy’. Business Horizons, vol. 55, no. 3, May 2012, pp. 261–71, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2012.01.007.
Billig, Michael. ‘Commodity Fetishism and Repression’. Theory & Psychology, vol. 9, no. 3, June 1999, pp. 313–29, https://doi.org/10.1177/0959354399093003.
Boler, Megan, et al. ‘Connective Labor and Social Media’. Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies, vol. 20, no. 4, Nov. 2014, pp. 438–60, https://doi.org/10.1177/1354856514541353.
Bolton, Kerry. ‘Charlie Hebdo: Where Neocons, Zionists, Masons and Communists Converge’. Foreign Policy Journal, https://www.foreignpolicyjournal.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/150127-Bolton-Charlie-Hebdo.pdf.
Booker, Christopher. ‘Climate Change: This Is the Worst Scientific Scandal of Our Generation’. The Telegraph, 28 AD, https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/columnists/christopherbooker/6679082/Climate-change-this-is-the-worst-scientific-scandal-of-our-generation.html.
Botan, Carl H. Public Relations Theory II. 2006.
Bottici, C., and B. Challand. ‘Rethinking Political Myth: The Clash of Civilisations as Self-Fulfilling Prophecy’. European Journal of Social Theory, vol. 9, no. 3, 2006, http://est.sagepub.com/content/9/3/315.short.
Bray, Mark. Translating Anarchy: The Anarchism of Occupy Wall Street. Zero Books, 2013, https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/brunelu/detail.action?docID=1463506. Electronic resource.
Buchanan, Carrie. ‘Revisiting the UNESCO Debate on a New World Information and Communication Order: Has the NWICO Been Achieved by Other Means?’ Telematics and Informatics, vol. 32, no. 2, May 2015, pp. 391–99, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2014.05.007.
Bulut, Ergin. ‘Social Media and the Nation State: Of Revolution and Collaboration’. Media, Culture & Society, vol. 38, no. 4, May 2016, pp. 606–18, https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443716643013.
Cammaerts, B., et al. Journalistic Representations of Jeremy Corbyn in the British Press: From Watchdog to Attackdog. 2016, https://www.lse.ac.uk/media@lse/research/pdf/JeremyCorbyn/Cobyn-Report-FINAL.pdf.
Carey, Alex, et al. ‘Taking the Risk out of Democracy: Corporate Propaganda versus Freedom and Liberty’. Taking the Risk out of Democracy: Corporate Propaganda versus Freedom and Liberty, University of Illinois, 1997, pp. 18–36, https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=0102d797-ce2e-e911-80cd-005056af4099.
———. Taking the Risk out of Democracy: Corporate Propaganda versus Freedom and Liberty. University of Illinois, 1997.
Castells, Manuel. Networks of Outrage and Hope: Social Movements in the Internet Age. Second edition, Polity Press, 2015, http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=796828&entityid=https://idp.brunel.ac.uk/entity. Electronic resource.
———. Networks of Outrage and Hope: Social Movements in the Internet Age. Second edition, Polity Press, 2015, http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=796828&entityid=https://idp.brunel.ac.uk/entity. Electronic resource.
Chadwick, Andrew. Corbyn, Labour, Digital Media, and the 2017 UK Election - Election Analysis. 2017, http://www.electionanalysis.uk/uk-election-analysis-2017/section-5-the-digital-campaign/corbyn-labour-digital-media-and-the-2017-uk-election/.
Cram, Laura, et al. UK General Election 2017: A Twitter Analysis. 2017, https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1706/1706.02271.pdf.
‘Cultures in Conflict? Who Are We? Who Are the Others?’ Journal of Interdisciplinary Crossroads, vol. 1, no. 3, 2004, pp. 505–21, http://www.iwallerstein.com/wp-content/uploads/docs/HKPAOJIC.PDF.
Dahl, Stephan. Social Media Marketing: Theories & Applications. Second edition, SAGE, 2018.
David Art. Inside the Radical Right. Cambridge University Press, 5 AD.
Davis, Aeron. Political Communication and Social Theory. Routledge, 2010, http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=278148&entityid=https://idp.brunel.ac.uk/entity.
———. Political Communication and Social Theory. Routledge, 2010, http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=278148&entityid=https://idp.brunel.ac.uk/entity.
———. Public Relations Democracy: Public Relations, Politics and the Mass Media in Britain. Manchester University Press, 2009.
———. ‘Public Relations, News Production and Changing Patterns of Source Access in the British National Media’. Media, Culture & Society, vol. 22, no. 1, Jan. 2000, pp. 39–59, https://doi.org/10.1177/016344300022001003.
‘Defending Charlie Hebdo? Secularism, Islam and the War on Error’. The Postcolonialist, Feb. 2015, http://postcolonialist.com/civil-discourse/defending-charlie-secularism-islam-war-error/.
DeLuca, Kevin M., et al. ‘Occupy Wall Street on the Public Screens of Social Media: The Many Framings of the Birth of a Protest Movement’. Communication, Culture & Critique, vol. 5, no. 4, Dec. 2012, pp. 483–509, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1753-9137.2012.01141.x.
Dencik, Lina, and Peter Wilkin. Worker Resistance and Media: Challenging Global Corporate Power in the 21st Century. Peter Lang, 2015.
Derber, Charles, and Yale R. Magrass. ‘Capitalism: Should You Buy It? : An Invitation to Political Economy’. Capitalism: Should You Buy It? : An Invitation to Political Economy, Paradigm Publishers, 2014, pp. 185–99, https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=22c7ac24-cf2e-e911-80cd-005056af4099.
———. Capitalism: Should You Buy It? : An Invitation to Political Economy. Paradigm Publishers, 2014.
Dijck, Josâe van. The Culture of Connectivity: A Critical History of Social Media. Oxford University Press, 2013.
Duhâe, Sandra C., editor. New Media and Public Relations. Third edition, Peter Lang, 2017.
Eagleton, Terry. ‘Ideology: An Introduction’. Ideology: An Introduction, Verso, 2007, pp. 1–31, https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=19008f34-e12e-e911-80cd-005056af4099.
———. Ideology: An Introduction. Verso, 2007.
el-Ojeili, Chamsy. ‘Reflections on Wallerstein: The Modern World-System, Four Decades On’. Critical Sociology, vol. 41, nos 4–5, July 2015, pp. 679–700, https://doi.org/10.1177/0896920513497377.
———. ‘Reflections on Wallerstein: The Modern World-System, Four Decades On’. Critical Sociology, vol. 41, nos 4–5, July 2015, pp. 679–700, https://doi.org/10.1177/0896920513497377.
Elliot Murphy. ‘Socialism and IT: Can Technology Liberate Us From Capitalism?’ Counter Punch, https://www.counterpunch.org/2015/10/01/socialism-and-it-can-technology-liberate-us-from-capitalism/.
Engelhardt, Tom, et al. Shadow Government: Surveillance, Secret Wars, and a Global Security State in a Single Superpower World. Haymarket Books, 2014, https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/brunelu/detail.action?docID=1649310. Electronic resource.
Enzinna, Wes. ‘A Dream of Secular Utopia in ISIS’ Backyard’. The New York Times, https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/29/magazine/a-dream-of-utopia-in-hell.html?_r=0#.
Ewen, Stuart. Captains of Consciousness: Advertising and the Social Roots of the Consumer Culture. 25th anniversary ed, Basic Books, 2001.
———. PR!: A Social History of Spin. Basic Books, 1996.
Ferrara, Emilio, et al. ‘The Rise of Social Bots’. Communications of the ACM, vol. 59, no. 7, 2016, pp. 96–104, https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2016/7/204021-the-rise-of-social-bots/fulltext.
Fisher, Mark. Capitalist Realism: Is There No Alternative? O Books, 2009.
Fuchs, Christian. OccupyMedia!: The Occupy Movement and Social Media in Crisis Capitalism. Zero Books, 2014.
———. ‘Red Scare 2.0: User-Generated Ideology in the Age of Jeremy Corbyn and Social Media’. Journal of Language and Politics, vol. 15, no. 4, 2016, pp. 369–98, https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/download/f0619bf40a33a7379c99126fa701d4f9ac2d36fcbfe696c396d9308838499e8a/1351118/corbyn.pdf.
———. Social Media: A Critical Introduction. 2nd edition, SAGE Publications Ltd, 2017.
———. Social Media: A Critical Introduction. 2nd edition, SAGE Publications Ltd, 2017.
———. View of Henryk Grossmann 2.0: A Critique of Paul Mason’s Book "PostCapitalism: A Guide to Our Future”. https://triple-c.at/index.php/tripleC/article/view/757/841.
Fuchs, Christian, and Vincent Mosco, editors. Marx in the Age of Digital Capitalism. Haymarket Books, 2017.
García, César. ‘Rethinking Walter Lippmann’s Legacy in the History of Public Relations’. PRism, vol. 7, no. 1, 2010, http://www.prismjournal.org/fileadmin/Praxis/Files/Journal_Files/2010_general/Garcia.pdf.
Geertsema, Margaretha. ‘Women And News’. Feminist Media Studies, vol. 9, no. 2, June 2009, pp. 149–72, https://doi.org/10.1080/14680770902814827.
Gehl, Robert W. ‘The Case for Alternative Social Media’. Social Media + Society, vol. 1, no. 2, Sept. 2015, https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305115604338.
Gerbaudo, Paolo. ‘Social Media and Populism: An Elective Affinity?’ Media, Culture & Society, vol. 40, no. 5, July 2018, pp. 745–53, https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443718772192.
Gibson, Morgan Rodgers. ‘The Anarchism of the Occupy Movement’. Australian Journal of Political Science, vol. 48, no. 3, Sept. 2013, pp. 335–48, https://doi.org/10.1080/10361146.2013.820687.
Gitlin, Todd. ‘Occupy’s Predicament: The Moment and the Prospects for the Movement’. The British Journal of Sociology, vol. 64, no. 1, Mar. 2013, pp. 3–25, https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-4446.12001.
Glenn Greenwald. ‘Boundless Informant: The NSA’s Secret Tool to Track Global Surveillance Data’. Guardian, June 2013, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jun/08/nsa-boundless-informant-global-datamining.
Gordon, Averill. Public Relations. Oxford University Press, 2011.
Graeber, David. Occupy Wall Street’s Anarchist Roots. 2011, https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2011/11/2011112872835904508.html.
———. ‘Why Is the World Ignoring the Revolutionary Kurds in Syria? |’. Guardian, Oct. 2014, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/oct/08/why-world-ignoring-revolutionary-kurds-syria-isis.
Greenberg, Josh, et al. ‘Spinning Climate Change: Corporate and NGO Public Relations Strategies in Canada and the United States’. International Communication Gazette, vol. 73, nos 1–2, Feb. 2011, pp. 65–82, https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048510386742.
Greenwald, Glenn. No Place to Hide: Edward Snowden, the NSA and the Surveillance State. Penguin Books, 2015.
Griffin, Roger. ‘Interregnum or Endgame? The Radical Right in the “Post-Fascist” Era’. Journal of Political Ideologies, vol. 5, no. 2, June 2000, pp. 163–78, https://doi.org/10.1080/713682938.
Gunaratne, S. ‘An Evolving Triadic World: A Theoretical Framework for Communication Research’. Journal of World Systems Research, 2002, http://site.iugaza.edu.ps/tissa/files/2010/02/An_Evolving_Triadic_World.pdf.
Gunaratne, Shelton A. ‘De-Westernizing Communication/Social Science Research: Opportunities and Limitations’. Media, Culture & Society, vol. 32, no. 3, May 2010, pp. 473–500, https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443709361159.
———. ‘Freedom of the Press: A World System Perspective’. Gazette: The International Journal for Communication Studies, vol. 64, no. 4, 2002, pp. 343–69, http://gaz.sagepub.com/content/64/4/343.abstract.
Halligan, Liam. ‘Postcapitalism by Paul Mason, Review: “Deeply Misguided”’. The Telegraph, July 2015, http://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/bookreviews/11773235/Postcapitalism-by-Paul-Mason-review.html.
Hanson, Fergus. Internet Wars: The Struggle for Power in the Twenty-First Century. Longueville Media, 2015.
Harrison, Shirley. Public Relations: An Introduction. 2nd ed, Business, 2000.
———. ‘Public Relations: An Introduction’. Public Relations: An Introduction, 2nd ed, Business, 2000, pp. 1–15, https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=3c5d562b-ce2e-e911-80cd-005056af4099.
Hashem, Ali. ‘The Islamic State’s Social Media Strategy’. Almonitor: Pulse of the Middle East, http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2014/08/is-clinton-atrocities-social-media-baghdadi-mccain.html.
Hawkes, David and ProQuest (Firm). Ideology. 2nd ed, Routledge, 2003, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/brunelu/detail.action?docID=182430. Electronic resource.
Held, David, and Anthony G. McGrew. The Global Transformations Reader: An Introduction to the Globalization Debate. 2nd ed, Polity Press, 2003.
———. ‘The Global Transformations Reader: An Introduction to the Globalization Debate’. The Global Transformations Reader: An Introduction to the Globalization Debate, 2nd ed, Polity Press, 2003, pp. 92–97, https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=af7497ec-cf2e-e911-80cd-005056af4099.
———. ‘The Global Transformations Reader: An Introduction to the Globalization Debate’. The Global Transformations Reader: An Introduction to the Globalization Debate, 2nd ed, Polity Press, 2003, pp. 116–19, https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=f5ff2a81-cf2e-e911-80cd-005056af4099.
Higley, John. ‘Democratic Elitism Reappraised’. Comparative Sociology, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 323–44, https://doi.org/10.1163/156913309X447558.
———. Elite Theory in Political Sociology. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.462.5495&rep=rep1&type=pdf.
Hind, Dan. The Return of the Public. Verso, 2010.
Hjorth, Larissa, and Sam Hinton. Understanding Social Media. Second edition, SAGE, 2019.
Holton, R. J. ‘Economy and Society’. Economy and Society, Routledge, 1992, pp. 104–45, https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=783bbe9c-d02e-e911-80cd-005056af4099.
———. Economy and Society. Routledge, 1992.
Hopkins, Terence K., and Immanuel Maurice Wallerstein. World Systems Analysis: Theory and Methodology. Sage, 1982.
Hopmann, David Nicolas, et al. ‘Effects of Election News Coverage: How Visibility and Tone Influence Party Choice’. Political Communication, vol. 27, no. 4, Oct. 2010, pp. 389–405, https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.2010.516798.
How Is Capitalism Going to End? An Interview with Journalist Paul Mason - VICE. https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/5gjyzk/paul-mason-interview-postcapitalism-845.
Hugill, Peter J. and Center for American Places. Global Communications since 1844: Geopolitics and Technology. Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999.
Huntington, S. The Clash of Civilisations and the Remaking of World Order. http://www.stetson.edu/artsci/political-science/media/clash.pdf.
Huntington, Samuel P. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order. Free Press, 2002.
Iszatt‑White, Marian, et al. ‘The “Corbyn Phenomenon”: Media Representations of Authentic Leadership and the Discourse of Ethics Versus Effectiveness’. Journal of Business Ethics, 2018, http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/35345/1/Iszatt-White2018_Article_TheCorbynPhenomenonMediaRepres.pdf.
Jackall, Robert. Propaganda. Macmillan, 1995.
———. Propaganda. Macmillan, 1995.
———. Propaganda. Macmillan, 1995.
———. Propaganda. Macmillan, 1995.
Jennifer Ellen Good. ‘The Framing of Climate Change in Canadian, American and International Newspapers: A Media Propaganda Model Analysis’. Canadian Journal of Communication, vol. 33, no. 2, 2008, https://www.cjc-online.ca/index.php/journal/article/view/2017/3107.
John Dryzek. The Oxford Handbook of Climate Change and Society (Oxford Handbooks in Politics & International Relations). Oxford University Press, Usa; Reprint edition, 15 AD.
Jones, Nicholas. Soundbites and Spin Doctors: How Politicians Manipulate the Media - and Vice Versa. Indigo, 1996.
Journal of World-Systems Research. http://jwsr.pitt.edu/ojs/index.php/jwsr/index.
Just, Natascha, and Michael Latzer. ‘Governance by Algorithms: Reality Construction by Algorithmic Selection on the Internet’. Media, Culture & Society, vol. 39, no. 2, Mar. 2017, pp. 238–58, https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443716643157.
Kelly, Annie. ‘The Alt-Right: Reactionary Rehabilitation for White Masculinity | Eurozine’. Soundings, vol. 66, 2017, https://www.eurozine.com/the-alt-right-reactionary-rehabilitation-for-white-masculinity/.
Kent, Michael L., and Maureen Taylor. ‘Toward a Dialogic Theory of Public Relations’. Public Relations Review, vol. 28, no. 1, Feb. 2002, pp. 21–37, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0363-8111(02)00108-X.
Kernan, Mark. ‘The Dystopian Future of Facebook’. Counter Punch, 2008, https://www.counterpunch.org/2018/11/08/the-dystopian-future-of-facebook/.
Kilikauer, Thomas. The Populism of Germany’s New Nazis. 2017, https://www.counterpunch.org/2017/11/17/the-populism-of-germanys-new-nazis/.
Kinna, Ruth. Anarchism: A Beginner’s Guide. Rev. trade pbk. ed, Oneworld, 2009.
Krogerus, M. The Data That Turned the World Upside Down. 2017, https://motherboard.vice.com/en_us/article/mg9vvn/how-our-likes-helped-trump-win.
Leiserowitz, Anthony. Human Development Report 2007/2008 International Public Opinion, Perception, and Understanding of Global Climate Change. Human Development Report Office, 2007, https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/6248846.pdf.
Lippmann, Walter. Public Opinion. Start Publishing LLC, 2015, http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?authtype=ip,shib&custid=s1123049&direct=true&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&site=ehost-live&scope=site&AN=1070038. Electronic resource.
———. Public Opinion. Start Publishing LLC, 2015, http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?authtype=ip,shib&custid=s1123049&direct=true&db=nlebk&db=nlabk&site=ehost-live&scope=site&AN=1070038. Electronic resource.
Louw, P. Eric. ‘The Media and Political Process’. The Media and Political Process, 2nd ed, SAGE, 2010, pp. 75–108, https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=738456ba-cd2e-e911-80cd-005056af4099.
Love, Nancy S. ‘Back to the Future: Trendy Fascism, the Trump Effect, and the Alt-Right’. New Political Science, vol. 39, no. 2, Apr. 2017, pp. 263–68, https://doi.org/10.1080/07393148.2017.1301321.
Lubin, Judy. ‘The “Occupy” Movement: Emerging Protest Forms and Contested Urban Spaces’. Berkeley Planning Journal, vol. 25, no. 1, 2012, pp. 184–97, https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5rb320n3.
Lukacs, Georg. Reification and the Consciousness of the Proletariat. https://www.marxists.org/archive/lukacs/works/history/hcc05.htm.
Mackay, Jenn Burleson, and Michael A. Horning. ‘Responding to Charlie Hebdo: Exploring Political Cartoonists’ Reactions and Ethics Positions Following the Attacks’. Journalism Practice, vol. 11, no. 9, Oct. 2017, pp. 1121–36, https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2016.1243992.
Main, Thomas J. The Rise of the Alt-Right. Brookings Institution Press, 2018.
Majority of Campaign Commercials Are Attack Ads – CNN Political Ticker - CNN.Com Blogs. http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2010/08/27/majority-of-campaign-commercials-are-attack-ads/.
Mann, Thomas E., and E. J. Dionne. ‘Polling & Public Opinion: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly’. The Brookings Institution, https://www.brookings.edu/articles/polling-public-opinion-the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly/.
Mark Andrejevic. ‘Big Data Surveillance: Introduction’. Surveillance & Society, vol. 12, no. 2, 2014, pp. 185–96, https://ojs.library.queensu.ca/index.php/surveillance-and-society/article/view/bds_ed.
Mason, Paul. ‘Airbnb and Uber’s Sharing Economy Is One Route to Dotcommunism’. Guardian, June 2015, https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/jun/21/airbnb-uber-sharing-economy-dotcommunism-economy.
———. PostCapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. Penguin Books, 2016.
———. Why It’s Still Kicking off Everywhere: The New Global Revolutions. Rev. and Updated 2nd ed, Verso, 2013.
———. Why It’s Still Kicking off Everywhere: The New Global Revolutions. Rev. and Updated 2nd ed, Verso, 2013.
Mastrini, Guillermo, and Diego de Charras. ‘“Twenty Years Mean Nothing”’. Global Media and Communication, vol. 1, no. 3, Dec. 2005, pp. 273–88, https://doi.org/10.1177/1742766505058124.
Micallef, Joseph V. ‘Islamic State: Terror as a Media Strategy’. The Huffington Post, 2015, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/joseph-v-micallef/islamic-state-terror-as-a_b_6614460.html.
Miller, David, and William Dinan. A Century of Spin: How Public Relations Became the Cutting Edge of Corporate Power. Pluto Press, 2008, http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=118862&entityid=https://idp.brunel.ac.uk/entity.
Mishra, Pankaj. ‘After the Paris Attacks: It’s Time for a New Enlightenment’. The Guardian, Jan. 2015, https://www.theguardian.com/news/2015/jan/20/-sp-after-paris-its-time-for-new-enlightenment.
Mosco, Vincent, and Vincent Mosco. The Political Economy of Communication. 2nd ed, SAGE, 2009, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/brunelu/detail.action?docID=743695.
Mudde, Cas. ‘The Populist Radical Right: A Pathological Normalcy’. West European Politics, vol. 33, no. 6, Nov. 2010, pp. 1167–86, https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2010.508901.
———. ‘The Populist Radical Right: A Pathological Normalcy’. West European Politics, vol. 33, no. 6, Nov. 2010, pp. 1167–86, https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2010.508901.
———. ‘The Populist Radical Right: A Pathological Normalcy’. West European Politics, vol. 33, no. 6, Nov. 2010, pp. 1167–86, https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2010.508901.
Needham, Catherine. ‘Brand Leaders: Clinton, Blair and the Limitations of the Permanent Campaign’. Political Studies, vol. 53, no. 2, June 2005, pp. 343–61, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.2005.00532.x.
———. ‘Brands and Political Loyalty’. Journal of Brand Management, vol. 13, no. 3, Feb. 2006, pp. 178–87, https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.bm.2540260.
Negrine, Ralph M. The Professionalisation of Political Communication. Intellect, 2007.
———. ‘The Transformation of Political Communication: Continuities and Changes in Media and Politics’. The Transformation of Political Communication: Continuities and Changes in Media and Politics, Palgrave Macmillan, 2008, pp. 69–92, https://contentstore.cla.co.uk/secure/link?id=2e69b20a-cd2e-e911-80cd-005056af4099.
Nixon, Brice. ‘The Old Media Business in the New: “The Googlization of Everything” as the Capitalization of Digital Consumption’. Media, Culture & Society, vol. 38, no. 2, Mar. 2016, pp. 212–31, https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443715594036.
Padovani, C. ‘From NWICO to WSIS: Another World Information and Communication Order?: Introduction’. Global Media and Communication, vol. 1, no. 3, Dec. 2005, pp. 264–72, https://doi.org/10.1177/1742766505058123.
Palmer, Jerry. ‘Smoke and Mirrors: Is That the Way It Is? Themes in Political Marketing’. Media, Culture & Society, vol. 24, no. 3, May 2002, pp. 345–63, https://doi.org/10.1177/016344370202400304.
Paxton, Robert O. The Anatomy of Fascism. 1st ed, Penguin, 2005.
Pedroso, Joaquin A. ‘Black Lives Matter or, How to Think Like an Anarchist’. Class, Race and Corporate Power, vol. 4, no. 2, 2016, https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://www.google.co.uk/&httpsredir=1&article=1078&context=classracecorporatepower.
Perry, Mark. WIRED: New Digital Socialism and Dot-Communism - AEI. http://www.aei.org/publication/wired-new-digital-socialism-and-dot-communism/.
Pickard, Victor. ‘Neoliberal Visions and Revisions in Global Communications Policy From NWICO to WSIS’. Journal of Communication Inquiry, vol. 31, no. 2, Apr. 2007, pp. 118–39, https://doi.org/10.1177/0196859906298162.
‘Post NWICO Debate: Images of African in the Western Media (via the Wayback Machine)’. Media Transition 2 Conference Proceedings, 2002, https://web.archive.org/web/20160909190517/http://cmsw.mit.edu/mit2/Abstracts/TOjo.pdf.
Postill, John. ‘Populism and Social Media: A Global Perspective’. Media, Culture & Society, vol. 40, no. 5, July 2018, pp. 754–65, https://doi.org/10.1177/0163443718772186.
Price, David H. ‘The New Surveillance Normal: NSA and Corporate Surveillance in the Age of Global Capitalism.’ Monthly Review: An Independent Socialist Magazine [New York], vol. 66, no. 3, 2014.
Regalzi, Francesco. ‘Democracy and Its Discontents: Walter Lippmann and the Crisis of Politics (1919-1938)’. E-Rea. Revue Électronique d’études Sur Le Monde Anglophone, no. 9.2, 2012, https://journals.openedition.org/erea/2538.
Responding to the Fascist Creep: An Interview With Alexander Reid Ross | Anti-Fascist News. https://antifascistnews.net/2017/01/23/responding-to-the-fascist-creep-an-interview-with-alexander-reid-ross/.
Roach, Colleen. ‘The Movement for a New World Information and Communication Order: A Second Wave?’ Media, Culture & Society, vol. 12, no. 3, July 1990, pp. 283–307, https://doi.org/10.1177/016344390012003002.
Roberts, Marilyn, and Maxwell Mccombs. ‘Agenda Setting and Political Advertising: Origins of the News Agenda’. Political Communication, vol. 11, no. 3, July 1994, pp. 249–62, https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.1994.9963030.
‘Rojava Revolution’ Reading Guide. http://libcom.org/library/rojava-revolution-reading-guide.
Ross, Carne. Power to the People: Rojava, Anarchism and Murray Bookchin (via the Wayback Machine). https://web.archive.org/web/20160623234934/http://www.carneross.com/blog/2015/10/26/power-people-rojava-anarchism-and-murray-bookchin-financial-times-24-oct-2015.
Roversi, Antonio. Hate on the Net: Extremist Sites, Neo-Fascism on-Line, Electronic Jihad. Ashgate, 2008.
Ruth Wodak. The Politics of Fear: What Right-Wing Populist Discourses Mean. SAGE Publications Ltd; 1 edition, 21 AD.
Saeed, Amir. ‘Media, Racism and Islamophobia: The Representation of Islam and Muslims in the Media’. Sociology Compass, vol. 1, no. 2, Nov. 2007, pp. 443–62, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9020.2007.00039.x.
Said, Edward. ‘Orientalism Once More’. Development and Change, vol. 35, no. 5, Nov. 2004, pp. 869–79, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-7660.2004.00383.x.
Samir Amin. Eurocentrism: Modernity, Religion, and Democracy: A Critique of Eurocentrism and Culturalism. Pambazuka Press; 2nd UK ed. edition, 18 AD, https://www.amazon.co.uk/Eurocentrism-Modernity-Religion-Democracy-Culturalism/dp/1906387788/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1546442063&sr=8-1&keywords=Eurocentrism.
Seib, Philip. ‘The News Media and the “Clash of Civilizations”’. Parameters, 2004, http://strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pubs/parameters/articles/04winter/seib.pdf.
Seymour, Richard. Corbyn: The Strange Rebirth of Radical Politics. Second edition, New and Updated edition, Verso, 2017.
Sinclair, J. ‘Neither West nor Third World: The Mexican Television Industry within the NWICO Debate’. Media, Culture & Society, vol. 12, no. 3, July 1990, pp. 343–60, https://doi.org/10.1177/016344390012003005.
Snow, David A. The Wiley-Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social and Political Movements. Wiley, 2013, http://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1404&context=articles. Hardcover.
Society of the Spectacle. https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/debord/society.htm.
Sparks, Colin. Media, Culture & Society. vol. 12, pp. 275–81, http://mcs.sagepub.com/content/12/3.toc.
Street, John. ‘Bob, Bono and Tony B: The Popular Artist as Politician’. Media, Culture & Society, vol. 24, no. 3, May 2002, pp. 433–41, https://doi.org/10.1177/016344370202400309.
Sullivan, Andrew. ‘Dot-Communist Manifesto’. New York Times Magazine, https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/magazine/home/20000611mag-counterculture.html.
The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception. https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/adorno/1944/culture-industry.htm.
The Fetishism of Commodities and the Secret Thereof. http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1867-c1/ch01.htm#S4.
Thompson, John B. Ideology and Modern Culture: Critical Social Theory in the Era of Mass Communication. Polity, 1990, http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=504473&entityid=https://idp.brunel.ac.uk/entity.
Trottier, Daniel. Social Media as Surveillance: Rethinking Visibility in a Converging World. Ashgate, 2012, http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=390363&entityid=https://idp.brunel.ac.uk/entity. Electronic resource.
Trottier, Daniel, and Christian Fuchs. Social Media, Politics and the State: Protests, Revolutions, Riots, Crime and Policing in the Age of Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. Routledge, 2014, http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=628519&entityid=https://idp.brunel.ac.uk/entity. Electronic resource.
Vise, David A., and Mark Malseed. The Google Story. Macmillan, 2005.
Wallerstein, Immanuel. ‘Antisystemic Movements, Yesterday and Today’. Journal of World-Systems Research, vol. 20, no. 2, Sept. 2014, pp. 158–72, https://doi.org/10.5195/JWSR.2014.593.
———. ‘Culture as the Ideological Battleground of the Modern World-System’. Theory, Culture & Society, vol. 7, nos 2–3, June 1990, pp. 31–55, https://doi.org/10.1177/026327690007002003.
———. ‘Eurocentrism and Its Avatars: TheDilemmas of Social Science’. https://www.binghamton.edu/fbc/archive/iweuroc.htm.
Ward, Colin. Anarchism: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2004.
Waters, Sarah. ‘Who Is Charlie? Xenophobia and the New Middle Class, by Emmanuel Todd’. Times Higher Education, 2015, https://www.timeshighereducation.com/books/review-who-is-charlie-xenophobia-new-middle-class-emmanuel-todd.
Wayne, Mike. Marxism and Media Studies: Key Concepts and Contemporary Trends. Pluto Press, 2003.
Weaver, David. ‘Media Agenda Setting and Elections: Voter Involvement or Alienation?’ Political Communication, vol. 11, no. 4, Oct. 1994, pp. 347–56, https://doi.org/10.1080/10584609.1994.9963045.
Wilkin, Peter. Hungary’s Crisis of Democracy: The Road to Serfdom. Lexington Books, 2016, http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=945149&entityid=https://idp.brunel.ac.uk/entity.
———. Hungary’s Crisis of Democracy: The Road to Serfdom. Lexington Books, 2016, http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=945149&entityid=https://idp.brunel.ac.uk/entity.
———. Hungary’s Crisis of Democracy: The Road to Serfdom. Lexington Books, 2016, http://lib.myilibrary.com/browse/open.asp?id=945149&entityid=https://idp.brunel.ac.uk/entity.
———. ‘Rip It Up and Start Again: The Challenge of Populism in the Twenty-First Century.’ Journal of World-Systems Research, vol. 24, no. Issue 2, 2018, pp. 314–24, https://doi.org/10.5195/JWSR.2018.855.
———. ‘The Rise of “Illiberal” Democracy: The Orbánization of Hungarian Political Culture’. Journal of World-Systems Research, vol. 24, no. 1, Mar. 2018, pp. 5–42, https://doi.org/10.5195/JWSR.2018.716.
Wilkin, Peter, and Carole Boudeau. ‘Public Participation and Public Services in British Liberal Democracy: Colin Ward’s Anarchist Critique’. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, vol. 33, no. 6, Dec. 2015, pp. 1325–43, https://doi.org/10.1068/c1367.
Witschge, Tamara, and Gunnar Nygren. ‘Journalistic Work: A Profession Under Pressure?’ Journal of Media Business Studies, vol. 6, no. 1, Mar. 2009, pp. 37–59, https://doi.org/10.1080/16522354.2009.11073478.
Wu Ming Foundation. Fetishism of Digital Commodities and Hidden Exploitation: The Cases of Amazon and Apple. libcom.org, 2011, http://libcom.org/library/fetishism-digital-commodities-hidden-exploitation-cases-amazon-apple.
Zaslove, Andrej. ‘The Dark Side of European Politics: Unmasking the Radical Right’. Journal of European Integration, vol. 26, no. 1, Mar. 2004, pp. 61–81, https://doi.org/10.1080/0703633042000197799.